What Is NAD+?

TypeRedox Coenzyme (Dinucleotide)

CAS Number53-84-9

Molecular Weight663.43 g/mol

Synonymsβ-NAD / Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (oxidized)

StructureNicotinamide + Adenine, linked via two ribose–phosphate groups

Redox StateOxidized form (NAD+; reduced form is NADH)

FormulaC₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂

Stability Information

Lyophilized powder; keep sealed, dry, and protected from light
Hygroscopic — minimize air exposure when weighing
Unstable in alkaline solution — prepare working stocks fresh

Lyophilized Powder

-20°C preferred; 2–8°C for short-term handling

Reconstituted

2–8°C; use promptly, avoid alkaline buffers

About NAD+

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a dinucleotide coenzyme present in every living cell, and one of the most fundamental molecules in metabolism. It serves two distinct roles. As a redox carrier, it cycles between its oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms to shuttle electrons through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Separately — and this is where most current research interest sits — it acts as a consumed substrate for enzymes including the sirtuins (SIRT1–7) and PARPs, which cleave NAD+ rather than merely borrowing its electrons. That consumption links cellular NAD+ availability directly to deacetylation, DNA repair, and gene regulation. Supplied as a high-purity lyophilized powder for reproducible in-vitro work. This product is for laboratory research and development purposes only and must be handled by qualified professionals. Not for human, therapeutic, or diagnostic use.

Research Highlights

Central Redox Carrier

Cycles between NAD+ and NADH to shuttle electrons through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

Sirtuin Substrate

Required as a consumed substrate by SIRT1–7, linking cellular NAD+ levels directly to deacetylation and gene regulation.

PARP & DNA Repair

PARP enzymes consume NAD+ during DNA damage response, making its availability a limiting factor in repair studies.

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics

The NAD+/NADH ratio is a core readout of cellular redox state in mitochondrial function assays.

Enzymatic Assay Reagent

A standard cofactor in dehydrogenase assays, where NADH formation is tracked spectrophotometrically at 340nm.

≥99% HPLC Purity

Every batch is HPLC-verified and supplied lyophilized, ensuring reproducible results across long study timelines.

Product Specifications

Molecular Formula

C21H27N7O14P2

Molecular Weight

663.43 g/mol

CAS Number

53-84-9

Redox State

Oxidized form (NAD+)

Purity

≥99% (HPLC verified)

Form

Lyophilized powder

Appearance

White to off-white powder

Solubility

Soluble in water, bacteriostatic water (avoid alkaline buffers)

Storage

-20°C (lyophilized), 2–8°C (reconstituted)

Research Studies

Frequently Asked Questions

What is NAD+?

NAD+ is a dinucleotide coenzyme found in every living cell. It functions both as a redox electron carrier in energy metabolism and as a consumed substrate for sirtuin and PARP enzymes.

What is the difference between NAD+ and NADH?

They are the oxidized and reduced forms of the same molecule. NAD+ accepts electrons to become NADH; NADH donates them to return to NAD+. This product is the oxidized (NAD+) form.

Why is NAD+ availability a focus of current research?

Sirtuins and PARPs consume NAD+ rather than recycling it, so cellular NAD+ levels act as a limiting factor for deacetylation and DNA repair activity — connecting metabolic state directly to gene regulation.

Is this product approved for human use?

No. This product is supplied as a laboratory reagent and is strictly intended for research and development purposes by qualified professionals only.